Emerald is a green variety of Beryl. Mined since 1500 BCE in Egypt, Many conquerors like the Roman Emipre made full use of these mines reffered to as Mons Smaragdus meaning Emerald Mountains. Egypt was the largest source of emeralds until the discovery of deposits in Colombia in the 1520's. Today Emeralds are found worldwide with Colombia still one of the major prodcuers.